One Time Settlement (OTS) Kya Hota Hai? Process, RBI Rules & CIBIL Impact Explained

One Time Settlement (OTS) ek process hai jisme bank aapse outstanding ka ek hissa accept karke loan account close kar deta hai. Ye borrower ko short-term relief deta hai, lekin credit report par negative “Settled” status aata hai. Is blog mein OTS ka meaning, process, RBI ke rules, aur iska CIBIL par asar detail mein explain hai.

• One Time Settlement (OTS) kya hota hai?
• Bank OTS kab offer karta hai?
• OTS ka process step-by-step
• RBI ka compromise settlement framework
• OTS vs Loan Closure vs Restructuring
• CIBIL par OTS ka asar
• Borrowers ke liye negotiation tips
• OTS lene se pehle alternatives
• FAQs

One Time Settlement (OTS) kya hota hai?

One Time Settlement (OTS) ek compromise arrangement hai jisme bank borrower se ek reduced lump sum amount accept karta hai aur baaki outstanding waive kar deta hai.

👉 Example: Agar aapke dues ₹5 lakh hain, aur aapki repayment capacity weak hai, to bank ₹3 lakh accept karke loan account “Settled” mark kar dega.

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2) Bank OTS kab offer karta hai?

• Jab loan 90+ days overdue ho jaata hai (NPA ban gaya hai).

• Jab borrower genuine hardship face kar raha ho (job loss, medical emergency, business loss).

• Jab legal recovery (SARFAESI/court) se jaldi ya poori recovery possible nahi hai.

• Jab collateral ki market value outstanding cover nahi karti.

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3) OTS ka process step-by-step

Step 1: Borrower/Bank initiate
Aap khud settlement request kar sakte ho ya bank aapko propose karega.

Step 2: Negotiation
Bank total outstanding (principal + interest + charges) calculate karke ek discounted amount suggest karega. Borrower hardship ke proofs dekar aur negotiate kar sakta hai.

Step 3: Sanction Letter
Aapko ek OTS sanction letter milta hai jisme likha hota hai:

• Final settlement amount

• Due date(s)

• Waiver details

• Condition: account closure after full payment

Step 4: Payment
Aapko lump sum (ya rare cases me short installments) officially bank ke account me pay karna hota hai.

Step 5: Closure
Bank aapko No Dues Certificate (NOC) deta hai aur account ko CIBIL par “Settled” mark kar deta hai.

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4) RBI ka compromise settlement framework (2023 update)

• RBI ne June 2023 mein framework issue kiya.

• Banks/NBFCs OTS kar sakte hain board-approved policy ke under.

• Ek minimum 12 months cooling period hota hai settlement ke baad usi bank se naya credit lene ke liye.

• Fraud/wilful defaulter borrowers ke liye OTS allowed nahi hai.

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5) OTS vs Loan Closure vs Restructuring

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6) CIBIL par OTS ka asar

• Loan account “Settled” dikhata hai (not “Closed”).

• Score girta hai 75–150 points.

• Ye negative remark 7 years tak report me dikhega.

• Naye loan/credit card approvals mushkil ho jaate hain.

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7) Borrowers ke liye negotiation tips

• Hamesha written sanction letter lein.

• Penalty aur late charges waive karne ki koshish karein.

• Lump sum payment propose karein.

• Payment ke baad NOC aur closure certificate lena na bhoolein.

• 30–60 din baad apna CIBIL report check karein aur dispute raise karein agar update galat hai.

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8) OTS lene se pehle alternatives

• Loan restructure karwana.

• EMI holiday/moratorium request karna.

• Collateral sale khud karke bank dues clear karna (secured loan case).

• Ombudsman me complaint karna agar unfair charges lagaye gaye hain.

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9) FAQs

Q1: Kya OTS sab borrowers ke liye hota hai?
Nahi. Sirf un borrowers ke liye jahan bank ko lagta hai ki full recovery possible nahi hai.

Q2: Kya OTS CIBIL score improve karega?
Nahi. OTS ek negative tag hai jo lenders ke liye risk signal hota hai.

Q3: Kya RBI OTS approve karta hai?
Nahi. RBI sirf framework deta hai, decision bank ki credit committee karti hai.

Q4: Kya OTS ke baad turant naya loan mil jaayega?
Nahi. Kam se kam 12 mahine ka cooling period hota hai aur credit profile weak ho jaati hai.

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• RBI Guidelines on Education Loans
• CIBIL Credit Report for Students